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Swiss tournaments on Lichess: how they work

Alexey Mudry · updated August 26, 2026
Lichess offers two tournament formats, and they are far more different than the names suggest. Choosing the wrong one is the most common mistake when a club runs its first online event. Here is the difference, and how to set up a Swiss for your own group.

Swiss versus arena

Arena is the format most people meet first, because it is what runs constantly on the site. It is not a Swiss tournament and does not behave like one.

SwissArena
Roundsa fixed number, everyone plays the sameas many as you can fit in the time
Pairingsby score, no rematcheswhoever is free at that moment
Games playedequal for alldepends on how fast you play
Waitingeveryone waits for the round to finisha new game starts immediately
Suitsa club event with a real tablecasual mass play

The consequence that matters: in an arena the winner is often whoever played the most games, not whoever played the best. For a club championship that is the wrong incentive - you want a Swiss - how a Swiss is structured.

Creating an event for your own group

A Swiss on Lichess is created inside a team: the site ties the format to a group rather than leaving it open, which is exactly what a club needs.

  1. 1Create a team, or use one you already have - a Swiss can only be run inside a team
  2. 2Invite your players to the team in advance, not on the evening itself
  3. 3Create the Swiss: set the time control, the number of rounds and the start time
  4. 4Set the interval between rounds so that people have a moment between games
  5. 5Share the link; players join from it and are paired automatically at the start

The team requirement is the step people miss. If your players are not in the team beforehand, the start of the event turns into ten minutes of admin while everybody joins - general organizing advice.

What matters about the pairings

  • They follow Swiss rules. Pairing by score, no rematches, colour balancing - the same logic as an over-the-board event - where pairings come from.
  • Latecomers change the field. Players joining after the start are paired from the round they arrive in, which affects the tie-breaks.
  • An odd field means byes. Exactly as over the board: somebody sits out each round and receives a point.
  • Absent players lose on time. Someone who signs up and walks away does not simply vanish - they hand out free points for several rounds, which distorts the table.
  • Tie-breaks are computed automatically. Which is one of the main practical advantages over running an event by hand.

The absent-player problem is the biggest practical difference from an over-the-board event: online, people sign up far more casually. Announce that withdrawals should be actual withdrawals, and remove obvious no-shows between rounds.

What it is not suitable for

  • Rated official events. An online Swiss does not produce a federation rating, whatever it produces on the platform.
  • Events where fair play must be guaranteed. Detection systems work, but with a delay - for anything with real prizes, over the board is the answer - fair play over the board.
  • Long time controls. Technically possible, but online attention does not hold: people leave tabs and lose on time.
  • Replacing a club evening. Online works for a winter break or a distance league; it does not replace people in a room.
  • Mixed online and over-the-board formats. One event, one medium - hybrid arrangements create arguments about conditions.

Where it genuinely shines: a club championship played over several weeks with one round a night, an event for players in different cities, or a way to keep the club alive between seasons - club events.

Over the board, without the paperwork

For live events the Vibe Chess app handles pairings, standings and tie-breaks, and players follow the table on their own phones.

Frequently asked questions about Lichess Swiss

What is the difference between a Swiss tournament on Lichess and an arena?

A Swiss has a fixed number of rounds and pairs by the rules of the system - which is closer to an over-the-board event. An arena pairs players continuously for the whole allotted time, participants join and drop out freely, and the winner is decided by the number of points scored.

How do I create a private tournament for my team?

Create a team on the platform, invite the players by link and create a Swiss tournament inside the team with the time control, number of rounds and start time you want. All of it is free and there is no limit on the number of tournaments.

What time control should I choose for an online tournament?

3+2 or 5+3 with five to seven rounds: people play faster online than at the board, and an hour and a half is the practical limit of a player's attention.

Can I run an over-the-board tournament on Lichess?

No. The platform is built for games played on it. For a tournament at a real board you need arbiter software or an app that handles the pairing and the standings of an offline event.

Can I join once the tournament has started?

Yes, until half the rounds have been played. A latecomer gets half a point for each missed game and enters the pairing from the next round.

What happens if I do not turn up for my game?

The clock starts without you, your time runs out and the game goes to your opponent. After a no-show the system removes the player from the tournament so they do not lose the remaining rounds - you can come back at any moment. Players who disappear regularly are temporarily barred from entering new tournaments.

How are places decided when players are level on points?

By the Sonneborn-Berger score: the sum of the scores of the opponents the player beat, plus half the scores of those they drew with. The same tie-break is used at over-the-board events.

Who can create a Swiss tournament?

Only a team leader, and only members of that team can take part. That is why the preparation starts with creating a team and inviting the players by link.

Do such tournaments count towards the FIDE rating?

No. Online tournaments on playing platforms affect only the internal rating of the platform itself. Being rated by a federation requires a separate procedure with an application, an arbiter and a report.

Three event formats in one app

The Vibe Chess app is built for an evening over the board, not for online play: it keeps the sign-up list, the pairings and the table while you deal with people and the venue. All of it free.

Swiss system

score groups, no rematches, no second bye

Round robin

everyone plays everyone, the app works out the number of rounds

Free meetup

who is free and who is already at a board is shown under Now

How the tournament runs
  1. 1Create the event and save the venue for next time
  2. 2Open sign-up, players arrive through the link
  3. 3Start the tournament and the app announces the pairings
  4. 4Keep entering results, then take the final table and the TRF file

More than a bot: the app, FIDE rules and a TRF report

  • The app. Besides the bot there is an app - inside Telegram and simply at playvibechess.com/app: what is on in your city, the player list, a live table, the current round, your profile and game history - everything that is awkward to read as chat messages.
  • Pairings by FIDE rules. Pairings are computed by bbpPairings, an open-source engine implementing the Dutch system: score groups, floats on an odd field, colour alternation, no rematches, and no player gets a bye twice.
  • A TRF report. A finished tournament exports as a single file in the FIDE data exchange format - the one arbiter software and federations accept. Your profile stores the FIDE ID, national federation code, title, sex and date of birth for it.
  • Free. All of the above, with no subscriptions, paid plans or limits on the number of tournaments and players.

Full overview

Missing a feature? Message the developers

The bot is constantly improved based on real tournaments. If you need a feature that isn't there yet, message the developers right inside the bot with the /support command. Many features appeared exactly because organizers asked for them, and useful ideas get added quickly.

What to read next

Online - choosing a platform, fair play. Software - Swiss-Manager, Chess-Results.

Alexey Mudry
Alexey Mudry · hosted 24 events for Vibe Chess · 106 reviews · rating 5.0

At the board since childhood: hazy about his rating, precise about every rook he has blundered. Counts an evening as a good one if the opponent stayed to talk afterwards instead of rushing off to check with an engine. Message →