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Driving the king back with the rook (mate from the centre)

Mate with rook and king is a compulsory technical ending. The rook cannot mate alone: it is the pairing - the king takes squares away, the rook cuts off and checks - that decides. The enemy king is pushed methodically towards the edge.

Here White has the king on h1 and the rook on g1; Black has a lone king on e4 in the centre. White to move, and the position is won (per the tablebases): White first cuts the king off with the rook, then brings up the king and squeezes the enemy towards the last rank.

The key technique is the opposition of the kings: when they face each other, the rook checks and the enemy king retreats a rank nearer the edge. That is how the mate is delivered.

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How to mate with the rook

  1. 1Cut the enemy king off with the rook along a rank or a file.
  2. 2Bring your own king right up and take the opposition.
  3. 3Check with the rook - the king retreats a rank nearer the edge.
  4. 4Repeat until the king is on the last rank, and mate.

Common mistakes

  • Giving checks with no king support - the enemy king simply walks back to the centre.
  • Leaving the rook where the enemy king can attack it, without covering it with your own.
  • Forgetting the opposition: without it the squeezing gets nowhere.

Common questions

How do you mate with rook and king?

Cut the enemy king off with the rook, bring your own king up, take the opposition and push the enemy king a rank nearer the edge with a check. Repeat until mate on the last rank.

How many moves does the rook mate take?

With accurate play, no more than sixteen from any position.

What does cutting the king off with the rook mean?

Placing the rook so that the enemy king cannot cross the line: he is shut into a part of the board that shrinks with every move.

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