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Opposite-coloured bishops: winning with widely separated passers

Opposite-coloured bishops are famous for being drawish, but not always: if the stronger side has two passers on files far enough apart, the defending bishop and king lack the resources to stop both - and one of them goes through.

Here White has the king on e4, the bishop on d7 and passers on c6 and f3; Black has the king on c7 and the bishop on g5. White to move, and the position is won (per the tablebases): the pawns are placed so that Black cannot organise a blockade in time.

A rule of thumb: with opposite-coloured bishops two connected or nearby passers are often a draw, but passers split between the wings are a genuine win. The distance between the pawns matters more than their number.

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How to win with opposite-coloured bishops

  1. 1Get the passed pawns as far apart as possible.
  2. 2Put the pawns on squares of your own bishop's colour - there the enemy bishop cannot stop them.
  3. 3Bring the king up to one of the passers while the bishop holds the other.
  4. 4Create threats on two wings: one enemy piece cannot be everywhere.

Common mistakes

  • Advancing the pawns onto squares of the opponent's bishop's colour - they are blockaded at once.
  • Keeping the passers close together: a single piece stops both.
  • Trading bishops when the resulting pawn ending is drawn.

Common questions

When do opposite-coloured bishops win?

When the passed pawns are split between the wings and stand on squares of your own bishop's colour: the opponent cannot hold both directions.

How many pawns are needed to win?

It is not the number that counts but the distance between them. Two widely separated passers are stronger than three pawns side by side.

Does the king help?

Yes, it settles the outcome: the bishop holds one side while the king and pawns break the defence on the other.

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